Certain nations of the earth, such as Japan and Indonesia, have a special combination of problems that makes obtaining energy extremely difficult. Specifically:

• They can be subject to extremely large (>7.0) earthquakes and accompanying tsunamis that, as recent events have shown, make nuclear power plants vulnerable to crippling damage and resulting escape of radioactive products.
• The very nature of nuclear plants with its radioactivity danger to the population makes it desirable to place several together in a small zone to limit exposure of the population to radiation. This concentration of power resources in a small area, however, means that a major portion of a nation’s power production capability is vulnerable to a single event that can cripple the operational capability of that nation.
• They have little or no coal or oil reserves, and would prefer not to import fossil fuels for anything other than auto and truck use to limit foreign exchange deficit and dependence on foreign resources. In addition, the carbon dioxide that results in fossil fuel use is believed by most to cause climate warming with a resultant reduction in glaciers and ice caps, an increase in sea level, and a shift in desert zones toward the poles along with a resultant loss of agricultural land, so it is desirable to eliminate its use.

Nuclear power in these countries has problems. How does such a nation provide for its energy needs, and still maintain a margin of safety for its population against radioactivity and also ensure that overall power production is not subject to a single catastrophic failure?

The Solution

We need to look for an energy production source that has the following critical features:

• Is plentiful enough to cover the nation’s base load needs in the long run.
• Energy production sources capable of being dispersed so the nation’s power production capability is invulnerable to a single crippling event.
• Is free from carbon dioxide production and other pollutants.
• Is price competitive with existing sources, so it can start replacing the existing energy sources now and later become a major energy supplier for that nation as more new similar sources are constructed.
• Is able to use the existing energy distribution systems now.

Desirable feature:

• Able eventually to make fuels that can replace fossil fuels for portable power plants (autos, aircraft, etc.).

Several possible energy sources have been proposed, namely:

• Nuclear fission reactors of a different design.
• Land based wind turbines.
• Shore based wave generators.
• Land based solar cells and/or solar thermal generators.
• Fuels to replace fossil fuels such as alcohol and oil from food crops, waste wood, kelp and algae.
• Land based deep thermal wells.
• Ocean based wind turbines, wave generators and solar cells.

Let us investigate these options one at a time.

Nuclear fission. Nuclear fission reactors are currently being used for base load (Load Factor ~0.98. Note that Load Factor is the fraction of time a source can be used to provide energy) and can operate at ~$0.08/KWH or more. There is enough nuclear fuel to last more than 100 years without using breeder reactors. A breeder reactor is one that creates more fuel than it uses. If we use breeders, there is enough fission fuel for several thousand years.

Safety is the big issue. The vulnerable element in the light water reactors currently being used in Japan and elsewhere is the coolant pump. Backup pumps are always provided, but if all electricity is lost inside and outside the facility (as happened in Japan), the backup pumps are useless. The neutron absorbing control rods and emergency shut down systems will deploy without the electricity and shut down the fission reaction, but the residual radioactivity in the fuel rods will continue to heat the rods and melt them down (as apparently happened in Japan). If the coolant pump is offline long enough the rods may melt through the containment vessel and vent radioactive material to the environment.

It appears feasible to design some reactors (for example, pebble bed reactors) with low enough energy density in the fuel elements that the residual radioactivity will not melt them down. This approach appears promising, but it does not solve the problem of what to do with the radioactive spent fuel elements, nor does it help us to disperse the power generators so that one catastrophic event will not cripple a nation’s electric production. It will always be desirable to concentrate radioactive fission reactors in one area to reduce population exposure.

Finally, it does not make non-fossil replacement fuels for autos, trucks and aircraft.

Land based wind turbines. Land based wind turbines are non-polluting but expensive (~$0.10/KWH or more). Also, they require carefully selected windy sites that are not common enough to provide a significant part of the base load. Further, they are not available all the time (Load Factor ~0.5 to 0.7 in good sites, less elsewhere). These generators are not suited for base load generation that must be cost competitive and reliable. They are useful, but appear best suited for operation in high energy cost areas on an as-available basis.

Shore based wave generators. Shore based wave generators are also non-polluting but expensive, however not as expensive as land based wind turbines (~$0.09/KWH or more). Again, they require carefully selected wave sites that are not common enough to provide a significant part of the base load (Load Factor ~0.4 to 0.6 in good sites, less elsewhere). Also, they are not available all the time. These generators are not suited for base load generation that must be competitive and reliable. They are useful, but appear best suited for operation in high energy cost areas on an as available basis.

Land based solar cells and/or solar thermal generators. Land based solar cells and solar thermal systems have serious problems for base load operation. They are the most expensive source (~$0.17/KWH or more). Solar thermal systems require expensive storage systems to operate when the sun is down or obscured (Load Factor ~0.4 to 0.6 in desert zones, less elsewhere) which increases the cost even more. Solar cells cannot operate at all without the sun. Both need huge tracts of carefully selected land for each KW of power generated. (~0.1 KW/sq meter). Furthermore, this land can be used for very few other purposes. In general, solar generators are not suited for nations (such as Japan) near the ocean where clouds and fog are common.

It appears that land-based solar cells and solar thermal systems are not suited for base load generation in nations such as Japan where they must be economically competitive and reliable. Solar cells appear best suited for specialty use where cost and area is less important, such as on top of electric cars to extend their battery range, or on top of houses to cover the day-time peak load, or near desert communities for day time peak load.

Solar thermal appears best suited for use in special isolated desert areas where the climate conditions and load characteristics work together to make these generators more competitive.

Sustainable fuels to replace fossil fuels. Alcohol from corn is currently being produced and used with gasoline to power autos. This option cannot be thought of as a long term solution, however. As population increases, the corn must be used for food. The same is true of oil from soybeans. This is not true of alcohol and oil from waste wood and sea plants such as kelp and algae. These sources provide no pressure on food production capability, so long term production is possible and also desirable. It could help replace fossil fuels for portable applications (autos, trucks and aircraft) in the long run. It should be noted, however, that it cannot replace fossil fuels for base load operations. Energy from plant growth is less efficient than that from solar cells, and it has already been noted that solar cells for base load is not economical and requires far too much land, especially in crowded nations such as Japan. Energy from plants is best suited to supply a portion of the fuel for portable power plants such as cars, trucks and aircraft.

Land based deep thermal wells. Deep thermal wells are non-polluting and may be competitive in cost. The expense is dependent on the cost of drilling a well down to the hot rocks deep within the earth’s crust. New chemical drilling techniques show promise, but cost estimate details are not yet available. A pilot hole is now under way. If the pilot hole is inexpensive enough, these thermal wells can be used to provide base load. The fuel (earth heat) is available near enough to the surface in many areas on the earth, and will last for the foreseeable future. It is non-polluting. It can use existing electrical distribution systems. The hole can even be used to sequester carbon dioxide. The only disadvantages of this generator are that it is vulnerable to earthquake damage, and it is unable to provide fuel for portable power plants, although this last problem may become less important if electric cars take over the automobile market. The vulnerability to earthquake damage may make it undesirable for nations like Japan, however, although it would fail safe, unlike nuclear fission plants.

Ocean based wind turbines, wave generators and solar cells. Ocean based wind turbines, wave generators and solar cells are non-polluting and inexpensive. They can be operated on one platform or vessel to save capital expense. The cost per KWH is estimated at ~$0.03/KWH or more. The solar cells are expensive and consume so much area that they can provide only a tenth of the total generated power, so vessels have only a backup roll for calm weather. The vessel can be moved to find optimum operating conditions (Load Factor ~0.85 to 0.95). The energy can be converted into fertilizer concentrate immediately with easy transport to land, and a ready market. This frees up natural gas (currently used to make fertilizer) for use to generate base load now. It is also possible, with development, to convert the energy harvested on the ocean along with food plant residues into hydrogen, natural gas or oil, so base load and portable applications can be directly covered in the future. Gas turbine generators can be dispersed and thus avoid vulnerability to a single crippling event. The owner can also be the operator, so overhead is saved. Part of the owner’s pay is the living quarters on the vessel, thus a job and shelter is provided as well. All of the critical and desirable characteristics are satisfied. A prototype is almost complete, so implementation is near term. Clearly this is a candidate to replace fossil fuels, and, in special circumstances, nuclear fission.

Conclusions Clearly, Japan and other similarly situated nations will have to reconsider reliance on nuclear fission reactors as their main base load energy providers. In the near term, they will repair the damaged reactors that can be safely and economically repaired. Some reactors, however, are totally destroyed, and must be replaced with something, and quickly, because there is not enough capacity to cover load. The quickest and cheapest replacements are gas turbines and diesel generators and they will probably be used near term. This means Japan will have to increase their fossil fuel imports in the near term, a highly undesirable situation. So Japan will start to look for alternative options, and here is what the Japanese (and other similarly situated nations) will find.

Fossil fuel liquid and gas production is expensive and peaking out in production-oil first and gas soon after. Besides, it is undesirable because of the greenhouse gasses it generates. Sustainable fuels to replace fossil fuels such as alcohol and oil from waste wood and sea plants are not economical and require far too much land to cover base load. Land based wind turbines and wave generators are expensive, not always available and there are not nearly enough good sites to cover a significant fraction of the base load. Solar cells and solar thermal generators are extremely expensive, not always available and require far too much area that is not common in seacoast nations to cover base load.

Clearly, only three long term base load energy options are open for Japan and similar nations, namely:

• Alternative nuclear fission reactor designs such as pebble bed reactors, fast reactors and highly modified light water reactor designs that are free from escaped radiation problems, although they will always be vulnerable to catastrophic earthquake damage and the spent fuel elimination problem.
• Deep thermal well generators that are free from escaped radiation and spent fuel problems, although they will always be vulnerable to catastrophic earthquake damage.
• Ocean based wind turbines, wave generators and solar cells that are free from escaped radiation and spent fuel problems. In addition, both the ocean based fuel generators and the land based gas turbine powered electric generators necessary are widely enough distributed to be free from large scale damage by single catastrophic events. Furthermore, as ocean based fuel generators come online, they can cover all (even portable power plant) energy needs with sustainable, low-cost energy that does not require foreign exchange.

An Italian inventor, Andrea Rossi, has demonstrated a new kind of nuclear reactor. The event took place in February 2011, at Bolognia University. Several invited scientists participated in the demonstration. One university professor, Dr. Giuseppe Levi, performed measurements of rates at which energy was supplied to the reactor (about 0.4 kW), and the rate at which energy was removed from it (12.4 kW) by cooling water. The net difference, 12 kW, was attributed to unspecified nuclear processes taking place in the device. Rossi did not reveal the nature of the catalyst responsible for the reactions. But he claims that they amount to alchemy–conversion of nickel into copper, in the presence of hydrogen.

According to Rossi one such device operated constantly for six months, producing enough thermal energy to heat “a small factory,” probably two or three rooms. An initial amount of nickel powder was said to be 100 grams; 30 grams of that powder was turned into copper, during the six-month period. Large industrial nuclear reactors use uranium fuel and produce highly radioactive “ashes.” In Rossi’s reactors, on the other hand, the fuel is nickel and the “ash” is non-radioactive copper.

Secrecy is not consistent with scientific methodology of validation of discoveries; it prevents other scientists from performing similar experiments. A claim made by one inventor cannot be taken seriously until it is confirmed by others. That is the essence of the so-called scientific method of validation.

Absence of general acceptance, and prevailing skepticism on the part of most scientists, does not stop Rossi from forging ahead with a practical application of the discovery. He is supervising the construction of a power plant in Greece. Fifty 20 kW units, similar to those he already tested, will be used to generate thermal energy at the rate of 1000 kW. The plant is expected to become operational in October 2011. Generating energy via nuclear alchemy reactions without producing radioactivity is incredible. It conflicts with our present understanding of nuclear processes.

Rossi is fully aware of this. But he is not a scientist; he is motivated by commercial success, not by science. A large number of satisfied customers would indeed be as important as independent replications. A single relatively inexpensive 20 kW reactor would be sufficient to heat a small house or apartment. The cost of heating, Rossi claims, could be about 30 times lower than the cost of heating with electricity from coal.

October 2011 is not very far away. Will the plant start producing thermal energy this year? Will it operate steadily over long time periods? Will nuclear energy without radioactivity soon become reality? If yes then Rossi will be recognized as great man, if not then his invention will be viewed as another case of self-deception. In either case he will probably be famous. The unfolding episode is worth watching.

The structure of the reactor should be created by Platonic Solids. A cube is its basis. A dodecahedron and an icosahedron should be described around it and an octahedron and tetrahedron should entered inside. The faces of the polyhedrons should be used for a circular electric current with a perpendicular magnetic vector to the center. To compress plasma to the maximum stage from all directions evenly. The vertices – for lasers and emitters. A cube is earth, particles, a tetrahedron is fire, light. An octahedron is dual to a cube, a tetrahedron is dual to itself.

A torr reactor is possible too, but it must have a 12 phase (or 12xn) cycle like zodiac or some other polygon like decagon as a basis for its rhythm. Because without a cycle rhythm plasma is unstable. It runs away from any magnetic traps. Energy doesn’t like forms for it is formless by nature and forms are its opposite. Plasma or fire is an element of freedom and creativity. It will work only when it wants it itself. Like Sagittarius, a fire zodiac sign. The best way to control plasma is to let it freely go away in a jet. Along a laser ignition ray. On a spaceship or an airplane.

Six laser rays, symmetrical around one central empty channel, work as a pump. They can push on any elementary particles or substances. For example, nuclear fuel to a small but effective uranium or plutonium reactor, compressing it to the temperature, needed for the ignition of a chain reaction. The construction of the reactor should be the same as for fusion – Platonic Solids.

Laser pump can be used in an annihilation photon engine too. For the transportation of anti-matter to the focus of a paraboloid, which reflects parallel rays of light. Antimatter can be produced in a reverse process by the crossing of powerful laser rays at a catalyst substance in a Platonic Solids magnetic trap. Then it can be accumulated in it and conserved for future use in space. Far away from usual sources of energy. Such an accumulator is much more effective than any other. And will open for photon ships all planets of our system with their rich natural resources for economical use. Leading mankind from an isolated planet to the nearest space and preparing the next stage of technological evolution – the invention of astral starships. Leaping directly to other stars through multidimensional space.

This teleportation phenomenon requires a very high energy level in a very small space. For energy is the source of matter, its condensation, and can revert substance back from physical state to aetheral and astral, light. Which is a multidimensional simplex, projected to the tetrahedron of electromagnetic waves. Its vertices are photons going away from each other with equal speeds when it grows as it should be according to the theory of relativity. The cube is physical space. The dodecahedron is closest to the sphere of all real physical fields and is condensed energy, turned into substance at the creation of the universe. Quarks are triangular faces of polyhedrons. Ordinary particles are projections of divine multidimensional light to our human three-dimensional physical world.

Teleportation breakthrough needs a carbon fusion reaction as in stars on the second stage of their development. Such fusion reactor needs annihilation of antimatter in one focus of a stationary ellipsoid reactor. The other focus is for concentration of light energy, reflected from its internal surface, and ignition of fusion. Quarks as primary particles are close to primary subtle energy level and can be influenced by a subtle energy generator during the teleportation leap. Forming a five-dimensional astral channel, which finally opens space for the needed distant connection of three-dimensional spaces of different stars. Through the light simplex as a photon ray or a quark torrent, which in astral is the same.

The best form of a space ship is prompted by a Platonic Solid too. It is a double tetrahedron, two tetrahedrons with one common face. Transformed for better streamlining in the atmosphere. The fist one pulled forward, the second one reduced. The bottom can work as a wing, though wings are added to it too. The rigidity of triangles and tetrahedrons make this structure stable and safe. It can be used for planes or speed automobiles too. As well as speed-boats. Or for a universal vehicle, combining all these in one. An orbit space station will be rigid and safe if made as a icosahedron, due to triangles in its faces. It is close to sphere too and can support any spherical surface. Hemi-icosahedron – a roof. A dodecahedron can serve as a structure of a cross-country vehicle wheel. With broad contact surface and flexible ribs. Tetrahedron can be used in architecture to support usual cubic structures from inside to make them more rigid and high.

Platonic Solids were used by God to create the universe, galaxies and stars. They constitute the very foundation of space. Compact packing of spheres is an icosahedron (1+12=13) and its second layer is a dodecahedron (1+20=21). These are Fibonacci numbers, the 7th and the 8th, their ratio is a golden proportion 13/21 or 12/20=3/5. They describe plasma in a reactor, or a star or an atomic explosion. The center is Sun, fire or condensed plasma itself, the 7th number is Saturn, compression, condensation and structure or form of the reactor, earth, the 8th number is Uranus, decentralization, explosion, burst or hot gas, air. The third layer is the 9th number, Neptune, liquid, water, for cooling and transmission of heat. The fourth layer is the 10th number, Pluto, transformation of energy into another type, or new fire, e.g. electromagnetic current or light. Astrology prompts qualities of space structures because it is astral logic, or the science of a five-dimensional space. And astral, Mars, is a key to any movement, or interaction, or projection of spaces. Astrology is proved by logic and facts no less than any other science and have the right to exist and to cooperate with mathematics and physics in any research.

Platonic Solids describe and enter the orbits of planets, their correspondence to elements is explained by correspondence of these planets to zodiac signs. Tetrahedron is between Mars and Jupiter (astral and aether), which rule Aries and Sagittarius, signs of fire, so it is fire itself. The previous planet, Saturn, symbolize three-dimensional physical world. Dimensions grow with the numbers of planets counted from Pluto to Sun. Aether has four dimensions, astral – five, mental plane, Venus and Mercury (imagination and concepts)- seven and eight, spiritual world, Sun, – nine. Earth, consciousness or soul, is close to Venus. Moon as intuition, when it is full, is close to Mars, astral plane. Geocentric Sun is six-dimensional instead of Earth. Uranus is a two-dimensional surface of sphere, which is the form of all fields and waves. Neptune is its one-dimensional radius. Pluto is its center, zero. The first two dimensions belong to microcosm, elementary particles and quantum mechanics. These planets are invisible like the world they describe. This is objective reality, given to us in our senses. Vital subjective space starts to grow two steps later. Saturn is a zero-dimensional space of dead stones. Jupiter – a one-dimensional space of plants. Mars – a two-dimensional plane of animals. Earth is the three-dimensional world of men. Venus, Mercury, Sun mean 4, 5 and 6- dimensional spiritual worlds of angels, archangels and God.

Despite the bad press, many countries are now enjoying nuclear power as a safe and affordable alternative energy. France, for instance, employs nuclear power for about 75% of its energy needs, and can boast that it has the cleanest air of any industrialized nation. Cost-wise, it’s the cheapest electricity in Europe.

We’ve all heard the term, “Nuclear Fusion”. It is important to understand the meaning of this so that an informed decision can be made as to whether or not it is a good option for a country.

Here’s the layman’s explanation of fusion and fission: Fission makes energy by splitting the atom, which requires very heavy metals in order to work. Fusion is the process of fusing two atoms together. Not to get too technical, this uses light nuclei, which are mostly variations of hydrogen.

Here’s what happens when atoms fuse together – helium is made. Helium is lighter than the hydrogen atoms were. The mass lost during the reaction is what produces the energy. It is in the form of heat, which then powers a turbine to produce electricity.

The biggest problem with nuclear power is that a lot of heat needs to be maintained to keep the reaction going for a long period of time. Both fusion and fission can create power but one must decide which method is better.

Fusion creates less radioactive waste than Fission, and that waste is generally only dangerous for around 50 years. Fission, on the other hand, leaves a lot of waste that remains reactive for tens of thousands of years. This is the huge issue with Fission.

The other bonus with Fusion is that it has virtually no safety risks. The whole process is self-sustained. Essentially, if a problem were to occur with Fission, the reaction would be almost unstoppable. With fusion, the biggest factor is heat. If a malfunction occurs, the reactors cool, stopping the reaction and erasing the risk of meltdown.

On a side note, the materials needed for nuclear fusion are found in abundance and cannot be used to make weapons.

Considering all the factors, nuclear fusion seems to be a viable option for creating power. Scientists are continually working on finding ways to create a self-sustained fusion reactor that is also energy efficient. Right now fission reactors create energy, but are high risk and drop a lot of radioactive waste, could potentially melt down, and of course – use materials that could be used to make weapons.

A basic hydrogen generator for car is easy to build and parts required are also available everywhere. The whole project may cost you around $120. Those already using such devices are happy with increased mileage of up to 50% or higher meaning that your cost is quickly paid back quickly in fuel savings.

The formula behind this is no secret; naturally you are required to work for it. You will need to know and use your car battery to energize and separate water molecules into gas. You can install this simple, straightforward hydrogen generator system pretty easily under the hood of your car.

I have listed out the parts for this kit below. These are some simple items you can buy from any hardware store if not already available at home. Next, regardless of your skill level or situation, you can still get down to work and build hydrogen car generator and begin enjoying the fuel efficiency on your car.

How to Build Hydrogen Car Generator

When you are done, you will have a mini electrolyzer, a bubbler and a water tank. So here we go, if you are ready.

1. Baking Soda as Catalyst
2. Electrolyzer – This is your actual Hydrogen Generator
3. Wiring harness
4. Vaporizer – for charged water system
5. Tubes and fittings
6. Vacuum hose to connect to Air Filter
7. Dual edge map sensor enhancer
8. Splice connectors

Connect the electrolyzer with your 12 Volts battery using wires and the end of gas bubbler to carburetor. Secure the wires and hose neatly and that is all. You have already built a hydrogen car generator.

As you know, the technology to build hydrogen car generator is no big deal and it is already in use in some big rigs and school buses to slash down on emissions as they do not mind continuing to use their regular fuel because they don’t regard them to be helpful in improving their fuel consumption. The basic idea to build hydrogen car generator is to supplement the gasoline with hydrogen which it does more than efficiently for me. I have a hydrogen gas generator installed in my vehicle for the last full year and I am happy that it helps me save handsomely on my gas bill.

What is Hydrogen Conversion? This is a much cheaper alternative than buying a new hydrogen automobile. A lot of people today are starting to adapt a more environment friendly system to power their own cars. And by converting your gasoline engine vehicle to function with hydrogen is a good start. Hydrogen conversion fundamentally means substituting gasoline in to hydrogen to power the engine of your vehicle.

What are the Benefits?
o Save with your gasoline expenses.
o You can get more mileage in running your vehicle with hydrogen.
o The performance of your car will greatly increase.
o Your car will produce lesser or no pollution that can be harmful to our environment.
o You can generally prevent your vehicle in releasing carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
o Hydrogen car conversion is readily available in the market.
o There will be no alteration in your car’s engine in hydrogen car conversion.
o You can easily go back to your gasoline powered engine anytime you like

Hydrogen cars are being tested today with many “concept type” vehicles like the BMW H2R racing vehicle, the GM Hy-wire, and the Honda FCX Clarity.

Are Hydrogen cars all the same? No they are not. They could all be termed “Hydrogen powered vehicles” but there are some differences.

The Two main types of hydrogen powered vehicles are:

1. Hydrogen Cars

2. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Cars.

Lets define what each one is:

A Hydrogen Car like the BMW H2R (“Hydrogen Record Car”) runs on liquid hydrogen fuel. It carries tanks of liquid hydrogen and uses it for fuel in an internal combustion engine.

A Hydrogen Fuel Cell Car like the Honda FCX Clarity utilizes a hydrogen fuel cell which converts hydrogen gas directly into electricity that powers an electric motors or motors.

There is also a Third type of Hydrogen powered car that is gaining a lot of press these days. Most people call it a “Hydrogen Gas Saver” but it is known by many other names like “hydrogen HHO car” or “Hydrogen assisted vehicle” but no matter what you call it, it is any ordinary vehicle that uses a hydrogen generator to supplement the fuel and increase gas mileage. Users of the hydrogen generators claim increased gas mileage to the tune of 50% and more better gas mileage.

Here’s how it works: Cars already produce electricity in order to keep the battery charged. When you route that electric current through the hydrogen generator that is filled with water and baking soda, hydrogen and oxygen are produced which can greatly improve the efficiency of any gas engine. Its not just a matter of more fuel. Hydrogen is what is known by chemists as an An energy carrier. An energy carrier is a substance or phenomenon that can be used to produce mechanical work or heat or to operate chemical or physical processes. In layman’s terms that means it has a 1+1=3 type effect when it is introduced in a car engine.

Hydrogen may be generated from fossil fuels to make an energy supply that is almost free from carbon emissions. Hydrogen may also be generated from other renewable sources like biomass or through electrolyzing water or through natural gas.

Vehicles powered by hydrogen are more efficient than traditional internal combustion engines with the added benefit of having only water for their emissions. One kilogram of hydrogen gas is said to generate around the same amount of energy in a gallon of gasoline.

Hydrogen cars may convert hydrogen to mechanical energy or power through two ways. One is through hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles (HICEV) or an altered version of a conventional gasoline internal combustion engine to enable it to run on hydrogen. A more common way for hydrogen vehicles, though, is through fuel-cells.

Fuel cell vehicles are like electric vehicles because they use electricity for powering motors that are situated near the vehicle’s wheels.

The most common fuel cell type for vehicles is the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. The PEM features an electrolyte membrane placed between a positive electrode called a cathode and a negative electrode called an anode. Hydrogen is established at the anode while oxygen is launched at the cathode. The hydrogen molecules pass through the membrane to the cathode whilst removing the electrons from the hydrogen molecules. The electrons will then go through an external circuit to rejoin hydrogen ions on the cathode side where hydrogen ions, electrons and oxygen molecules are mixed to produce water. The electrons create the electric current that is needed for powering a vehicle.

Fuel cell vehicles can either be powered with pure hydrogen gas stored on the vehicle directly or from a secondary fuel that transmits hydrogen like methanol, ethanol, or natural gas.

To make a hydrogen transport system work, it is important that two things be developed: an efficient and extensive hydrogen highway and a dependable hydrogen vehicle.

Hydrogen highways are a series of hydrogen filling stations on a well-known route. It is essential to develop hydrogen highways to promote use of hydrogen vehicles especially since hydrogen has a small amount of energy by volume.

To liken a hydrogen fuel to a normal fuel, it needs a very large tank for refuelling quickly and often.
Right now, the majority of hydrogen cars or vehicles using hydrogen fuel are still in the prototype stage or are available for a limited amount of time.

Audi had launched the Audi Hydrogen A2 Car, a small sports car that uses a Ballard PEM fuel cell stack with a top speed of 109 miles per hour and a range of 137 miles.

Chrysler released a hybrid, the ecoVoyager, which uses a 45-kilowatt fuel cell stack and a 268-horsepower electric motor. It can run its first 40 miles on electricity before getting assistance from fuel cell stack, and has a range of 300 miles before refuelling.

For’s most recent hydrogen car is the Ford Focus FCV, which is powered by a Ballard 902 Fuel Cell PEM stack with a top speed of 90 mph and a range of around 150-200 miles.

GM has hydrogen cars that have a lithium-ion battery pack which can run on electricity and on energy produced by hydrogen fuel cells. They are called Cadillac Provoq and the Chevy Volt Hydrogen.

Honda’s FCX Clarity can run on fuel cells alone with a range of around 240 miles. It was released in 2008 as a lease vehicle for Southern California to take advantage of the region’s current hydrogen infrastructure.

The hydrogen fuel car has finally caught the attention of the automobile manufacturers and it was high time! The powerful car industry is now researching seriously the promising potential of hydrogen fuel for the average consumer.

In short, the new hydrogen technology for vehicles is studying feasible ways to convert hydrogen into electricity more efficiently than the current petroleum derivative fuels.

The hydrogen technology

For more than fifty years trains have been running with electricity and bogies, which are frameworks carrying wheels that are attached to a vehicle. And it has been widely shown that this technology is secure, efficient and low-cost.

However, the car industry has stubbornly continued using age-old mechanics and the complicated combustion of fossil fuels. Their rejection of the hydrogen fuel car is probably due, at least partially, to the huge financial interests of the petroleum industry, but this is not what we will discuss in this article. We prefer to focus on how the car manufacturers are finally catching on and what a hydrogen car kit can do for you.

Hydrogen from water

You can generate hydrogen from water through a process of hydrolysis or splitting of water. But note that hydrogen should not be seen as energy but as energy carrier for powering electric motors and internal combustion engines. This is the basis of the hydrogen fuel car.

Until now the automobile manufacturers have not managed to produce hydrogen fueled cars for the general public. Most of the hydrogen fuel cars built by research companies are demonstration models or made in extremely limited numbers.

Hydrogen fueled cars are still very heavy and they cost ten times the price of an average car. Some optimistic sources say that we will see the first mass-produced hydrogen fuel cars in 2010. But others estimate that the general public will not be able to buy hydrogen cars until the year 2050.

While the car industry takes its time to research and produce an affordable hydrogen car for everyone, the price of gas keeps on rising. If you hate to stay passive in the light of skyrocketing gas prices, a hydrogen car kit may be the solution to save money on gas you are looking for.

The hydrogen car kit

The average hydrogen car kit that you can buy online is generally a manual with exact step-by-step instructions for building and installing a gas saving device that you add to your car. The hydrogen car conversion works by splitting small amount of water you put in a jar under the hood and generating a tiny amount of hydrogen.

The generated hydrogen is then channeled in a specific manner so that it improves significantly the gas combustion of your car’s engine. This means that you can cover the same amount of miles or kilometer with fewer gallons or liters of gas. It goes without saying that this translates in large savings because you don’t need to tank so often.

The principle of the hydrogen car kit or the hydrogen fuel car isn’t weird or mysterious as people yelling hydrogen scam would like you to believe. If it were the car industry would not be researching the potential of hydrogen power. The hydrogen car kit is simply a very ingenious way to have your own hydrogen fuel car right now.